A Concise History of the Philosophy of Mathematics-no printing

Had Archimedes (c.287 BC - c.212 BC) not succombed at the Battle of Syracuse (214 BC - 212 BC) by a Roman soldier contrary to his commander's instructions to keep him safe, the Calculus and its algorithms might have been invented by him long before either Isaac Newton and/or Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz (also: Leibnitz) did so in the mid-1600s, thus fulfilling the ancient Greek desire for a theory of aggregation or heuristic method of geometric exhausion. 

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